PART XI : RELATIONS BETWEEN THE UNION AND THE STATES
CHAPTER I : LEGISLATIVE RELATION
Distribution of Legislative Powers
Art.
245 -:
Extent of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States.
Art. 246 -: Subject-matter of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States.
Art. 247 -: Power of Parliament to provide for the establishment of certain additional courts.
Art. 248 -: Residuary powers of legislation.
Art. 249 -: Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to a matter in the State List in the national interest.
Art. 250 -: Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to any matter in the State List if a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation.
Art. 251 -: Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament under articles 249 and 250 and laws made by the Legislatures of States.
Art. 252 -: Power of Parliament to legislate for two or more States by consent and adoption of such legislation by any other State.
Art. 253 -: Legislation for giving effect to international agreements.
Art. 254 -: Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament and laws made by the Legislatures of States.
Art. 255 -: Requirements as to recommendations and previous sanctions to be regarded as matters of procedure only.
Art. 246 -: Subject-matter of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States.
Art. 247 -: Power of Parliament to provide for the establishment of certain additional courts.
Art. 248 -: Residuary powers of legislation.
Art. 249 -: Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to a matter in the State List in the national interest.
Art. 250 -: Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to any matter in the State List if a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation.
Art. 251 -: Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament under articles 249 and 250 and laws made by the Legislatures of States.
Art. 252 -: Power of Parliament to legislate for two or more States by consent and adoption of such legislation by any other State.
Art. 253 -: Legislation for giving effect to international agreements.
Art. 254 -: Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament and laws made by the Legislatures of States.
Art. 255 -: Requirements as to recommendations and previous sanctions to be regarded as matters of procedure only.
CHAPTER II : ADMINISTRATIVE RELATION
General
Art. 256 -: Obligation of
States and the Union.
Art. 257 -: Control of the Union over States in certain cases.
Art. 257A -: [Repealed.]
Art. 258 -: Power of the Union to confer powers, etc., on States in certain cases.
Art. 258A -: Power of the States to entrust functions to the Union.
Art. 259 -: [Repealed.]
Art. 260 -: Jurisdiction of the Union in relation to territories outside India.
Art. 261 -: Public acts, records and judicial proceedings….
Art. 257 -: Control of the Union over States in certain cases.
Art. 257A -: [Repealed.]
Art. 258 -: Power of the Union to confer powers, etc., on States in certain cases.
Art. 258A -: Power of the States to entrust functions to the Union.
Art. 259 -: [Repealed.]
Art. 260 -: Jurisdiction of the Union in relation to territories outside India.
Art. 261 -: Public acts, records and judicial proceedings….
Disputes relating to Waters
Art. 262 -: Adjudication of disputes relating to waters of inter-State rivers or river valleys.
Co-ordination between States
Art. 263 -: Provisions with respect to an inter-State Council.
Art. 262 -: Adjudication of disputes relating to waters of inter-State rivers or river valleys.
Co-ordination between States
Art. 263 -: Provisions with respect to an inter-State Council.
PART XII : FINANCE, PROPERTY, CONTRACTS AND SUITS
CHAPTER I : FINANCE
General
Art. 264 -: Interpretation.
Art. 265 -: Taxes not to be imposed save by authority of law.
Art. 266 -: Consolidated Funds and public accounts of India and of the States.
Art. 267 -: Contingency Fund.
Art. 264 -: Interpretation.
Art. 265 -: Taxes not to be imposed save by authority of law.
Art. 266 -: Consolidated Funds and public accounts of India and of the States.
Art. 267 -: Contingency Fund.
Distribution
of Revenues between the Union and the States
Art. 268 -: Duties levied by the Union but collected and appropriated by the State.
Art. 269 -: Taxes levied and collected by the Union but assigned to the States.
Art. 270 -: Taxes levied and distributed between the Union and the States.
Art. 271 -: Surcharge on certain duties and taxes for purposes of the Union.
Art. 272 -: [Repealed.]
Art. 273 -: Grants in lieu of export duty on jute and jute products.
Art. 274 -: Prior recommendation of President required to Bills affecting taxation in which States are interested.
Art. 275 -: Grants from Union to certain States.
Art. 276 -: Taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments.
Art. 277 -: Savings.
Art. 278 -: [Repealed.]
Art. 279 -: Calculation of “net proceeds”, etc.
Art. 280 -: Finance Commission.
Art. 281 -: Recommendations of the Finance Commission.
Art. 268 -: Duties levied by the Union but collected and appropriated by the State.
Art. 269 -: Taxes levied and collected by the Union but assigned to the States.
Art. 270 -: Taxes levied and distributed between the Union and the States.
Art. 271 -: Surcharge on certain duties and taxes for purposes of the Union.
Art. 272 -: [Repealed.]
Art. 273 -: Grants in lieu of export duty on jute and jute products.
Art. 274 -: Prior recommendation of President required to Bills affecting taxation in which States are interested.
Art. 275 -: Grants from Union to certain States.
Art. 276 -: Taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments.
Art. 277 -: Savings.
Art. 278 -: [Repealed.]
Art. 279 -: Calculation of “net proceeds”, etc.
Art. 280 -: Finance Commission.
Art. 281 -: Recommendations of the Finance Commission.
Miscellaneous
financial provisions
Art. 282 -: Expenditure defrayable by the Union or a State out of its revenues.
Art. 283 -: Custody, etc., of Consolidated Funds, Contingency Funds and moneys credited to the public accounts.
Art. 284 -: Custody of suitors’ deposits and other moneys received by public servants and courts.
Art. 285 -: Exemption of property of the Union from State taxation.
Art. 286 -: Restrictions as to imposition of tax on the sale or purchase of goods.
Art. 287 -: Exemption from taxes on electricity.
Art. 288 -: Exemption from taxation by States in respect of water or electricity in certain cases.
Art. 289 -: Exemption of property and income of a State from Union taxation.
Art. 290 -: Adjustment in respect of certain expenses and pensions.
Art. 290A -: Annual payment to certain Devaswom Funds.
Art. 291 -: [Repealed.]
Art. 282 -: Expenditure defrayable by the Union or a State out of its revenues.
Art. 283 -: Custody, etc., of Consolidated Funds, Contingency Funds and moneys credited to the public accounts.
Art. 284 -: Custody of suitors’ deposits and other moneys received by public servants and courts.
Art. 285 -: Exemption of property of the Union from State taxation.
Art. 286 -: Restrictions as to imposition of tax on the sale or purchase of goods.
Art. 287 -: Exemption from taxes on electricity.
Art. 288 -: Exemption from taxation by States in respect of water or electricity in certain cases.
Art. 289 -: Exemption of property and income of a State from Union taxation.
Art. 290 -: Adjustment in respect of certain expenses and pensions.
Art. 290A -: Annual payment to certain Devaswom Funds.
Art. 291 -: [Repealed.]
CHAPTER II : BORROWING
Art. 292 -: Borrowing by
the Central Government of India.
Art. 293 -: Borrowing by States.
Art. 293 -: Borrowing by States.
CHAPTER III : PROPERTY, CONTRACTS, RIGHTS, LIABILITIES, OBLIGATION &
SUIT
Art. 294 -: Succession to
property, assets, rights, liabilities and obligations in certain cases.
Art. 295 -: Succession to property, assets, rights, liabilities and obligations in other cases.
Art. 296 -: Property accruing by escheat or laps or as bona vacantia.
Art. 297 -: Things of value within territorial waters or continental shelf and resources of the exclusive economic zone to vest in the Union.
Art. 298 -: Power to carry on trade, etc.
Art. 299 -: Contracts.
Art. 300 -: Suits and proceedings.
Art. 295 -: Succession to property, assets, rights, liabilities and obligations in other cases.
Art. 296 -: Property accruing by escheat or laps or as bona vacantia.
Art. 297 -: Things of value within territorial waters or continental shelf and resources of the exclusive economic zone to vest in the Union.
Art. 298 -: Power to carry on trade, etc.
Art. 299 -: Contracts.
Art. 300 -: Suits and proceedings.
CHAPTER IV : RIGHT TO PROPERTY
Art. 300A -: Persons not to be
deprived of property save by authority of law.
PART XIII : TRADE COMMERCE AND INTERCOURSE WITHIN THE TERRITORY OF INDIA
Art. 301 -: Freedom of trade,
commerce and intercourse.
Art. 302 -: Power of Parliament to impose restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse.
Art. 303 -: Restrictions on the legislative powers of the Union and of the States with regard to trade and commerce.
Art. 304 -: Restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse among States.
Art. 305 -: Saving of existing laws and laws providing for State monopolies.
Art. 306 -: [Repealed.]
Art. 307 -: Appointment of authority for carrying out the purposes of articles 301 to 304.
Art. 302 -: Power of Parliament to impose restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse.
Art. 303 -: Restrictions on the legislative powers of the Union and of the States with regard to trade and commerce.
Art. 304 -: Restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse among States.
Art. 305 -: Saving of existing laws and laws providing for State monopolies.
Art. 306 -: [Repealed.]
Art. 307 -: Appointment of authority for carrying out the purposes of articles 301 to 304.
PART XIV : SERVICE UNDER THE UNION AND STATES
CHAPTER I : SERVICES
Art.
308 -:
Interpretation.
Art. 309 -: Recruitment and conditions of service of persons serving the Union or a State.
Art. 310 -: Tenure of office of persons serving the Union or a State.
Art. 311 -: Dismissal, removal or reduction in rank of persons employed in civil capacities under the Union or a State.
Art. 312 -: All-India services.
Art. 312A -: Power of Parliament to vary or revoke conditions of service of officers of certain services.
Art. 313 -: Transitional provisions.
Art. 314 -: [Repeated.]
Art. 309 -: Recruitment and conditions of service of persons serving the Union or a State.
Art. 310 -: Tenure of office of persons serving the Union or a State.
Art. 311 -: Dismissal, removal or reduction in rank of persons employed in civil capacities under the Union or a State.
Art. 312 -: All-India services.
Art. 312A -: Power of Parliament to vary or revoke conditions of service of officers of certain services.
Art. 313 -: Transitional provisions.
Art. 314 -: [Repeated.]
CHAPTER II : PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSIONS
Art.
315 -:
Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States.
Art. 316 -: Appointment and term of office of members.
Art. 317 -: Removal and suspension of a member of a Public Service Commission.
Art. 318 -: Power to make regulations as to conditions of service of members and staff of the Commission.
Art. 319 -: Prohibition as to the holding of offices by members of Commission on ceasing to be such members.
Art. 320 -: Functions of Public Service Commissions.
Art. 321 -: Power to extend functions of Public Service Commissions.
Art. 322 -: Expenses of Public Service Commissions.
Art. 323 -: Reports of Public Service Commissions.
Art. 316 -: Appointment and term of office of members.
Art. 317 -: Removal and suspension of a member of a Public Service Commission.
Art. 318 -: Power to make regulations as to conditions of service of members and staff of the Commission.
Art. 319 -: Prohibition as to the holding of offices by members of Commission on ceasing to be such members.
Art. 320 -: Functions of Public Service Commissions.
Art. 321 -: Power to extend functions of Public Service Commissions.
Art. 322 -: Expenses of Public Service Commissions.
Art. 323 -: Reports of Public Service Commissions.
PART XIV A : TRIBUNALS
Art. 323A -: Administrative
tribunals.
Art. 323B -: Tribunals for other matters.
Art. 323B -: Tribunals for other matters.
PART XV : ELECTION
Art. 324 -: Superintendence,
direction and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission.
Art. 325 -: No person to be ineligible for inclusion in, or to claim to be included in a special, electoral roll on grounds of religion, race, caste or sex.
Art. 326 -: Elections to the House of the People and to the Legislative Assemblies of States to be on the basis of adult suffrage.
Art. 327 -: Power of Parliament to make provision with respect to elections to Legislatures.
Art. 328 -: Power of Legislature of a State to make provision with respect to elections to such Legislature.
Art. 329 -: Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters.
Art. 329A -: [Repealed.]
Art. 325 -: No person to be ineligible for inclusion in, or to claim to be included in a special, electoral roll on grounds of religion, race, caste or sex.
Art. 326 -: Elections to the House of the People and to the Legislative Assemblies of States to be on the basis of adult suffrage.
Art. 327 -: Power of Parliament to make provision with respect to elections to Legislatures.
Art. 328 -: Power of Legislature of a State to make provision with respect to elections to such Legislature.
Art. 329 -: Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters.
Art. 329A -: [Repealed.]
PART XVI : SPECIAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO CERTAIN CLASSES
Art. 330 -: Reservation of
seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of
the People.
Art. 331 -: Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the House of the People.
Art. 332 -: Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Legislative Assemblies of the States.
Art. 333 -: Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the Legislative Assemblies of the States.
Art. 334 -: Reservation of seats and special representation to cease after sixty years.
Art. 335 -: Claims of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to services and posts.
Art. 336 -: Special provision for Anglo-Indian community in certain services.
Art. 337 -: Special provision with respect to educational grants for the benefit of Anglo-Indian Community.
Art. 338 -: National Commission for Scheduled Castes (SC).
Art. 338A -: National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (ST). [Art. 338B National commission of OBC by 102nd Amendment ACT 2019] 123rd constitutional amendment Bill .
Art. 339 -: Control of the Union over the Administration of Scheduled Areas and the welfare of Scheduled Tribes.
Art. 340 -: Appointment of a Commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes.
Art. 341 -: List of Scheduled Castes.
Art. 342 -: List of Scheduled Tribes.
Art. 331 -: Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the House of the People.
Art. 332 -: Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Legislative Assemblies of the States.
Art. 333 -: Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the Legislative Assemblies of the States.
Art. 334 -: Reservation of seats and special representation to cease after sixty years.
Art. 335 -: Claims of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to services and posts.
Art. 336 -: Special provision for Anglo-Indian community in certain services.
Art. 337 -: Special provision with respect to educational grants for the benefit of Anglo-Indian Community.
Art. 338 -: National Commission for Scheduled Castes (SC).
Art. 338A -: National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (ST). [Art. 338B National commission of OBC by 102nd Amendment ACT 2019] 123rd constitutional amendment Bill .
Art. 339 -: Control of the Union over the Administration of Scheduled Areas and the welfare of Scheduled Tribes.
Art. 340 -: Appointment of a Commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes.
Art. 341 -: List of Scheduled Castes.
Art. 342 -: List of Scheduled Tribes.
PART XVII : OFFICIAL LANGUAGE
CHAPTER I : LANGUAGE OF THE UNION
Art. 343 -: Official language
of the Union.
Art. 344 -: Commission and Committee of Parliament on official language.
Art. 344 -: Commission and Committee of Parliament on official language.
CHAPTER II : REGIONAL LANGUAGE
Art. 345 -: Official language
or languages of a State.
Art. 346 -: Official language for communication between one State and another or between a State and the Union.
Art. 347 -: Special provision relating to language spoken by a section of the population of a State.
Art. 346 -: Official language for communication between one State and another or between a State and the Union.
Art. 347 -: Special provision relating to language spoken by a section of the population of a State.
CHAPTER III : LANGUAGE OF THE SC & HC etc.
Art.
348 -:
Language to be used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts
and for Acts, Bills, etc.
Art. 349 -: Special procedure for enactment of certain laws relating to language
Art. 349 -: Special procedure for enactment of certain laws relating to language
CHAPTER IV : SPECIAL DIRECTIVS
Art. 350 -: Language to be used
in representations for redress of grievances.
Art. 350A -: Facilities for instruction in mother-tongue at primary stage.
Art. 350B -: Special Officer for linguistic minorities.
Art. 351 -: Directive for development of the Hindi language.
Art. 350A -: Facilities for instruction in mother-tongue at primary stage.
Art. 350B -: Special Officer for linguistic minorities.
Art. 351 -: Directive for development of the Hindi language.
PART XVIII : EMERGENCY PROVISION
Art. 352 -: Proclamation of
Emergency.
Art. 353 -: Effect of Proclamation of Emergency.
Art. 354 -: Application of provisions relating to distribution of revenues while a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation.
Art. 355 -: Duty of the Union to protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance.
Art. 356 -: Provisions in case of failure of constitutional machinery in States.
Art. 357 -: Exercise of legislative powers under Proclamation issued under article 356.
Art. 358 -: Suspension of provisions of article 19 during emergencies.
Art. 359 -: Suspension of the enforcement of the rights conferred by Part III during emergencies.
Art. 359A -: [Repealed.]
Art. 360 -: Provisions as to financial emergency.
Art. 353 -: Effect of Proclamation of Emergency.
Art. 354 -: Application of provisions relating to distribution of revenues while a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation.
Art. 355 -: Duty of the Union to protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance.
Art. 356 -: Provisions in case of failure of constitutional machinery in States.
Art. 357 -: Exercise of legislative powers under Proclamation issued under article 356.
Art. 358 -: Suspension of provisions of article 19 during emergencies.
Art. 359 -: Suspension of the enforcement of the rights conferred by Part III during emergencies.
Art. 359A -: [Repealed.]
Art. 360 -: Provisions as to financial emergency.
PART XIX : MISCELLANEOUS
Art. 361 -: Protection of
President and Governors and Rajprakukhs.
Art. 361A -: Protection of publication of proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures.
Art. 361B -: Disqualification for appointment on remunerative political post.
Art. 362 -: [Repealed.]
Art. 363 -: Bar to interference by courts in disputes arising out of certain treaties, agreements, etc.
Art. 363A -: Recognition granted to Rulers of Indian States to cease and privy purses to be abolished.
Art. 364 -: Special provisions as to major ports and aerodromes.
Art. 365 -: Effect of failure to comply with, or to give effect to, directions given by the Union.
Art. 366 -: Definitions.
Art. 367 -: Interpretation.
Art. 361A -: Protection of publication of proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures.
Art. 361B -: Disqualification for appointment on remunerative political post.
Art. 362 -: [Repealed.]
Art. 363 -: Bar to interference by courts in disputes arising out of certain treaties, agreements, etc.
Art. 363A -: Recognition granted to Rulers of Indian States to cease and privy purses to be abolished.
Art. 364 -: Special provisions as to major ports and aerodromes.
Art. 365 -: Effect of failure to comply with, or to give effect to, directions given by the Union.
Art. 366 -: Definitions.
Art. 367 -: Interpretation.
PART XX : AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION
Art. 368 -: Power of Parliament
to amend the Constitution and procedure therefor.
PART XXI : TEMPORARY, TRANSITIONAL AND SPECIAL PROVISIONS
Art. 369 -: Temporary power to
Parliament to make laws with respect to certain matters in the State List as if
they were matters in the Concurrent List.
Art. 370 -: Temporary provisions with respect to the State of Jammu and Kashmir. [ Introduced as 306-A By ayangar , 1952 DELHI Agreement , sub article 1,2 & 3. Now 2 & 3 revoked.]
Art. 370 -: Temporary provisions with respect to the State of Jammu and Kashmir. [ Introduced as 306-A By ayangar , 1952 DELHI Agreement , sub article 1,2 & 3. Now 2 & 3 revoked.]
Art. 371 -: Special provision
with respect to the States of Maharashtra and Gujarat.
371A -: Special provision with respect to the State of Nagaland.
371B -: Special provision with respect to the State of Assam.
371C -: Special provision with respect to the State of Manipur.
371D -: Special provisions with respect to the State of Andhra Pradesh.
371E -: Establishment of Central University in Andhra Pradesh.
371F -: Special provisions with respect to the State of Sikkim.
371G -: Special provision with respect to the State of Mizoram.
371H -: Special provision with respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh.
371-I -: Special provision with respect to the State of Goa.
Art. 372 -: Continuance in force of existing laws and their adaptation.
372A -: Power of the President to adapt laws.
Art. 373 -: Power of President to make order in respect of persons under preventive detention in certain cases.
Art. 374 -: Provisions as to Judges of the Federal Court and proceedings pending in the Federal Court or before His Majesty in Council.
Art. 375 -: Courts, authorities and officers to continue to function subject to the provisions of the Constitution.
Art. 376 -: Provisions as to Judges of High Courts.
Art. 377 -: Provisions as to Comptroller and Auditor-General (CAG) of India.
Art. 378 -: Provisions as to Public Service Commissions (PSC).
Art. 378A -: Special provision as to duration of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.
Art. 379-391 [Repealed.]
Art. 392 -: Power of the President to remove difficulties.
371A -: Special provision with respect to the State of Nagaland.
371B -: Special provision with respect to the State of Assam.
371C -: Special provision with respect to the State of Manipur.
371D -: Special provisions with respect to the State of Andhra Pradesh.
371E -: Establishment of Central University in Andhra Pradesh.
371F -: Special provisions with respect to the State of Sikkim.
371G -: Special provision with respect to the State of Mizoram.
371H -: Special provision with respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh.
371-I -: Special provision with respect to the State of Goa.
Art. 372 -: Continuance in force of existing laws and their adaptation.
372A -: Power of the President to adapt laws.
Art. 373 -: Power of President to make order in respect of persons under preventive detention in certain cases.
Art. 374 -: Provisions as to Judges of the Federal Court and proceedings pending in the Federal Court or before His Majesty in Council.
Art. 375 -: Courts, authorities and officers to continue to function subject to the provisions of the Constitution.
Art. 376 -: Provisions as to Judges of High Courts.
Art. 377 -: Provisions as to Comptroller and Auditor-General (CAG) of India.
Art. 378 -: Provisions as to Public Service Commissions (PSC).
Art. 378A -: Special provision as to duration of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.
Art. 379-391 [Repealed.]
Art. 392 -: Power of the President to remove difficulties.
PART XXII : SHORT TITLE , COMMENCEMENT, AUTHORITATIVE TEXT IN HINDI
Art. 393 -: Short title.
Art. 394 -: Commencement.
Art. 394A -: Authoritative text in the Hindi language.
Art. 395 -: Repeals.
Art. 394 -: Commencement.
Art. 394A -: Authoritative text in the Hindi language.
Art. 395 -: Repeals.
Appendix
1.) Constitution ( J&K Application) order – 1954
2.) Modification Applicable to J&K
3.) 44TH Amendment ACT – 1978
4.) 86TH Amendment ACT – 2002
5.) 88TH Amendment ACT – 2003
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